Baby Care

Posts Tagged ‘Pregnant’

Oh, imagine how all women suffer, as they are accustomed to go to the office every day on high heels. You can of course continue wearing such shoes, but sooner or later it will become harder. The center of gravity of a pregnant woman is shifting. It seems to women that a flat sole is ugly. And there are many things in the locker room,that do not look with flat soles. Although, doctors advise pregnant to wear shoes with steady heels of 3-5 cm and orthopedic insoles, in order to avoid flat feet.
For me wearing shoes with a small heel or no heel at all is not a problem. Rather, I suffered because of heels, and suddenly there appeared a legitimate excuse of not wearing them, so I happily went to the store and bought comfortable sandals in the style of sustainable sporty soles, but not flat. However, I did that while I was already in the decree, after 30 weeks. Prior to that, I wore usual shoes.

It is clear that shoes should be made of natural materials, light and comfortable. After all, health of future moms is the most important thing. Properly fitting footwear can help avoid such unpleasantness, arising during pregnancy, such as swelling and cramps in the legs, varicose veins, general fatigue and pain.

Physical exercises during pregnancy are important and useful, this is a common knowledge. But what kind of sport should expectant mothers choose? They shouldn’t go in for sharp sport. So they have to choose among swimming pool, yoga and walking.
When I got pregnant, I wanted to lead a wonderful life – have medical tests, breathe fresh air, drink fresh squeezed juices, and even, oh, finally, go in for sport.
At home I have a juicer, I have already concluded a contract of pregnancy, tests are normal and even sex is allowed. It remains to understand – which kind of sport to choose. Before being pregnant I didn’t even thought about exercises. Once bought a subscription, but after 2 months gave it back, because the sports club attendance has steadily sought to zero. And I hate walking in principle. And I drive a car. Yes, I go everywhere by car. And the shop is around the corner. And I have a mother in law, who every day says: “You have to walk more. I began to tremble and I fumbled to learn special exercises for pregnant. After all, sport is better than walking.
Well, let’s take for example yoga. During pregnancy, the essence of yoga is not limited to the beauty and health, but to the beauty and health of your child – I was explained in this way. There is something logical in this, I decided, and went to trial lesson. You can start this from the second trimester and … … well as you can. It is possible in the prenatal period, I think. In general, those who went to this sport, say that yoga perfectly prepares to childbirth, and has a very positive effect on pregnancy especially breathing exercises.
The next point was to study aqua-aerobics. First, I love swimming in sea. Secondly, I love swimming very much. Classes were somewhat similar to yoga. We breathe and move smoothly, but in water. Besides they promise prevention of swelling, it is to the point as I can not take off my engagement ring in the morning! Here it is pregnancy! Exercises in water are perfect.
To be honest, I became quite lazy and sometimes I even didn’t want to leave home. Traffic jams and wheel presses the stomach, well, you know what I mean. I myself decided to maintain their pregnancy. Breathing exercises are very plain. In general, for each month there are happily different exercises. But all these “slopes” and “circles” for me are very boring. Even at home.

We went to the countryside for the weekend. Nature, fresh air… beauty!
There I went with my husband to the bath … but returning, I wondered, can I go to the bath during pregnancy … and this is what I found out.
Visiting bath doesn’t do any harm to a pregnant woman, on the contrary, it can be very useful. Before visiting you should learn the subtleties of bath art.

Can pregnant go to bath?
Many obstetricians prohibit pregnant women attending bath or sauna. In fact, woman needs going to the bath. Why do people go to bath?
To relax, gain strength and positive emotions, cleanse the soul and body – in short, to have fun.
It seems as if we wash away everything alien, superficial and superfluous.
In the hot atmosphere of the steam room all background information is relegated to the background. Rubbing salt cleans and pores skin. Honey inflicted on the body, nourishes and regenerates the skin. But be careful not to causeallergies! A cool shower or bath after the swimming pool continues the process of revitalizing the body. Hot tea with honey and lemon also helps to remove all unnecessary things. Visiting bath excellently trains respiratory and circulatory system; improves blood supply to the placenta and prevents premature aging. All of this is prevention of intrauterine fetal hypoxia and gestosis of pregnant women, takes a higher tone of the uterus. Most actively responds to the bath circulatory system and detoxification. Under the influence of the steam, skin disease (urticaria, itching) during pregnancy may regress or even disappear. Taking the bath strengthens the immune system, retreating colds, flu, SARS. Pregnant women, who regularly visited the bath during labor, have significantly less pain likely requiring admission antispasmodics and analgesics. This is associated with an increase in the elasticity of the ligamentous device, reduction of excessive muscle tension, the positive influence of baths on the autonomic nervous system and psyche.
Bath is absolutely contraindicated in acute inflammatory diseases with high fever, epilepsy, cancer, coronary heart disease, hypertension, II and III stage. You can not go to the bath with bronchial asthma, after recent surgical interventions, with complicated pregnancies (threat interrupts, placenta previa, high blood pressure).
Before the sauna you should consult with a gynecologist!
What should be remembered when visiting a steam room
The head should always be covered with something. There are special hats.
Do not outstay in the steam room. It is better to go there a few times, than once staying for a long time.

Is it true that milk-teeth are formed from milk?

This is Hippocrates’s viewpoint, who named these teeth in this way. In general, the doctor was not far from the truth: breast milk contains calcium that is the main element which participates in building bones and teeth. In “cow milk” this important element is not less but it is practically not absorbed by children. Hence the conclusion: breastfeeding your child you will guarantee him/her healthy teeth in future!

As an additional source of calcium pediatricians recommend giving the child curds in the second half of his/her life, and its rapid absorption contributes to vitamin D – do not forget to give it to child? According to the doctor’s instructions!

Why do children cut teeth at the wrong time?

The child, who is born weak, with low weight and is often ill in the first months of life having signs of rickets, delayed dentition is associated with adverse factors acting on the body.

But what if the baby is healthy and there is no sign of teeth in 9-12 months? Find out when you cut teeth. Program of delayed cutting of milk-teeth is usually written in the genes.

Child cuts teeth not in common order – what is it?

It is believed that the child’s health isn’t so much connected with the time he/she cuts teeth, but with the order of teething. If it is broken, pay attention to this fact and visit pediatric dentist. In general, first children cut one of the lower incisors, and then two upper teeth, followed by lateral incisors in the opposite order – first the upper, then lower.
Dentists calculate the number of teeth that child should have, according to observations: in 7 months he/she cuts one tooth, 8 – two, 9 – three and so on. And this is the minimum!

How should I guess that my child is cutting the first tooth?

The earliest symptom is the increased formation of saliva. It begins to run like a river for a couple of months before the cutting due to irritation of nerve endings. Nature prepares the child to chewing solid food. It runs down the chin and neck going into the neck folds, stimulating children’s tender skin – it should be wiped all the time, or rather, soak through the soft gauze cloth. Once there was an urgent need for apron-bib, you should know: first tooth is on its way.

If the teeth are cut, it means that the baby will be ill soon?

Dentition is a natural process, during which the temperature should not rise. Anxiety, which causes the baby tooth cutting, as well as the associated sleep deprivation and malnutrition weaken the immune system and make the child vulnerable to infection – respiratory and intestinal. Try to minimize contact with outsiders.

How to facilitate the process of teething?

Inflammation of the gums in a place where the tooth is seen you can use gels with anesthetic and removing redness and swelling elements. In a series of Karavaeva balsam there is a special kind of vitamin for infant gums: it contains plant extracts to provide anesthetic effect with the effect of light freezing: cold, relieves the pain, has anti-inflammatory effect and simply distracts the child from unpleasant feelings.

How child should be fed at this crucial moment?

With the first tooth the sucking reflex turns into the need to chew and bite, so one liquid and soft food now can not help. At each feeding, give your child a piece of dried bread, slice of cucumber or cooked but not up very soft carrots, apple quarter-without skin and seeds. Chewing gum improves blood supply, trains and strengthens the teeth appeared, improves the power of those that must cut.

Do I need to clean the baby teeth?

Previously it was believed that up to 2-3 years there is no need: it is impossible to teach such children to use the brush. However, children dentists have revised the previous installation. It turns out that the science of properly brush his teeth your child should learn under the supervision of parents from the first tooth up to 10 years – only in this age you can trust him/her with the brush at the complete disposal.

Where are the yellow spots on the teeth carved and why enamel is not smooth, but wavy?

Newborn lower incisors are often uneven – in the form of a beautiful wave. Over time, the ripple is smoothed out, erased when chewing. Another thing is a thinning of the enamel on the incisors themselves. It takes this kind because of calcium deficiency and infections, which suffered a mother during pregnancy, or other adverse factors operating at the time favorite of baby teeth, as well as due to disease and malnutrition in the child.

Especially harmful is tetracycline that causes teeth to turn yellow, dark and violates their growth: pediatricians try not to use it at an early age. If the color and surface of the incisors do not look typical, consult with pediatric dentist. In order to strengthen the enamel, pediatricians are advised to arrange with the teething child “calcium subsidy” – in two weeks to give 3 times a day for 1 / 3 tablets of calcium gluconate. You should grind them and add to food.

A miracle happened: a tiny creature lives inside you! Perhaps you yourself still have no idea about this, but very soon massive changes will begin in your life.

The first sign of pregnancy can be disorders concerning menstrual cycle. However, sometimes this may be due to other causes, such as inflammatory processes, stressful experiences, a change of climate, etc. In order to determine pregnancy, you can use rapid tests. The level of the hormone in the urine in morning and evening hours vary, so while buying test in a drugstore, ask for what time of the day it is suitable. Pregnancy can also be identified with such characteristics: the swelling chest, some have breast tenderness, mood changes, appetite, etc.

This invisible show
At this time rapid and dramatic events happen in the body. A day after conception, gaining strength and energy the fertilized egg (zygote) begins to share. Every day their number is doubled. Divided egg cell, transformed into a fetal egg, moves through the fallopian tubes and striving to achieve the ultimate goal of his journey get into the uterus and find here a comfortable “home”. On the seventh day the trip is over: the egg membranes as they are screwed into the uterine lining are plunging deeper and deeper. This process is called implantation.

The first critical period
It begins with the seventh day of pregnancy and lasts one to two weeks, until the egg is fixed in the membranes lining of the uterus. At this super-early period, mother’s organism may refuse to take the embryo. This may happen, for example, due to mucosal injury caused by the recent abortion because of severe stress, heavy exercise, under the influence of adverse external factors (taking certain medications), fetal genetic abnormalities, etc.

Like a grape core
If implantation is successful, the tiny embryo begins to grow rapidly. Fetal egg is covered with villus, they extract from the mother’s blood necessary food for future baby. Later villus remain only on the side of the egg membranes, which is directly adjacent to the uterine wall. Here villus grows, formed by the placenta (afterbirth), connected with the fetus umbilical cord. This is a major organ, which also belongs to a mother and an unborn child.

Fetus receives nutrients and oxygen through the placenta, get rid of their waste. In addition, this body provides immune protection, missing maternal antibodies to the child. And finally, the placenta synthesizes hormones.

At the same time the so-called germinal layers of which will be formed all the organs and tissues of the child are formed. From the outside – the nervous system, cells of sensory organs, skin, hair, nails, from the middle – the heart, internal organs, bones, blood vessels, muscle system, sex glands, from the inner – the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory, digestive and endocrine glands .

In the second week the embryo’s heart is stating to develop. By the end of the first month the embryo forms a neuraltube, begins to form the main internal organs, and is surrounded by amniotic fluid and three shells. There are all conditions for the future child to grow and develop normally.
Do not risk and win

During early pregnancy, rubella virus, which causes fetal heart, sight and hearing disease is particularly dangerous for the child. Therefore, if you have not been ill with rubella or been vaccinated against it, you need to pass a blood test as soon as possible. If you find that you do not have immunity against rubella, you’d better avoid communicating with children who has not been ill or they have not done vaccinations. Especially be careful in spring and autumn, when the infection is most active.

Severe malformations of the unborn child can cause infectious diseases, sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureplazmoz, mycoplasmosis) and TORCH-infections: Toxoplasma, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus.

In our country, these viruses infected almost two-thirds of the population, but if the immunity is not weakened, the body suppresses them. Do a survey of these infections. Ideally, this should be before pregnancy. Do not delay it! In order to prevent relapse, strengthen immunity with the help of special therapy.

You can find everything in women handbags … It’s amazing how women manage to fit it all there and above all – at the right time to quickly find the right thing? Contents of bags can sometimes tell a lot about its owner: character, likes and dislikes and where she works. But if you find certain items, documents and pills you’ll guess, that this woman is going to become a mother.

Your documents?

Before being pregnant you had no documents in your purse, but now you must carry them with you. First and foremost it is the passport and medical insurances. After visiting various medical facilities you will need them quite often, and without these documents even simple maintenance inspection, treatment and testing can be very problematic.

Future mother needs another very important document; it is practically a secondpassport – pregnancy card. In general this card is given by the doctor in the maternity clinic at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy, but no later than 32 weeks. This includes all the data on pregnancy, experiences of illness, the results of tests and surveys, as well as other important information. Future mothers should always carry it with them. If at the time of hospitalization you won’t have it with you, then you automatically find yourself at risk, and therefore you have to give birth in the infectious disease ward of a maternity home or infectious disease hospital. After all, doctors have no data about your health, which means that you have a potential risk of infectious contamination to other maternal and newborn. But the most important thing is not to exchange cards as in this case in the first place you’ll put yourself and your baby at risk, because the doctor uses the vital information about you – the blood group, possible allergic reactions, chronic diseases, etc. That’s why you should care and gently apply to this document, each time you visit prenatal, bring pregnancy card to your doctor to make the new data and, of course, always carry it with you.

At the pharmacy
If you are undergoing a treatment, do not forget to put in your bag pills appointed by your doctor. If you are faced with such unpleasant forms of pregnancy such as toxemia heartburn, be sure to keep close at hand the means by which you can alleviate their condition.

Remember any change in your health during pregnancy – is an occasion to refer to a doctor.

Try also to have crackers, nuts, apples, dried fruit, mint candy – light snacks, along with mint chewing gum in many ways helps to cope with bouts of nausea. If you are still unable to prevent vomiting (especially occurs when the long trip to a stuffy transport), the practical future mother must have a special plastic bag.

While leaving the house, take with you a small bottle of water, so at any time, you can easily quench your thirst or drink the medicine, sprinkle the face and neck, if you felt sick, stuffy or hot. By the way, you can freshen up, dispersing on the skin moisturizing spray with thermal water (sold in pharmacies). Unlike ordinary water, this water is “alive”: it is collected from the natural hot springs, rich in mineral salts and trace elements. Spray not only quickly gives a feeling of comfort, but also takes care for the skin, relieves dryness, swelling and irritation (exactly what you want future mothers need). It absorbs quickly (no need to wipe off) and does not spoil the makeup (it can be safely applied to the powder and tonal cream). The balloon volume of 150-300 ml is convenient to carry and use on the road, in the clinic, walk or at work.

Lady’s “tricks”
Of course, in your purse there is a handkerchief or disposable paper napkins and wet wipes. “Sanitation minimum” can be supplemented with disposable coverings for the toilet. It’s no secret a pregnant woman often has to go to the toilet.

In future mother’s handbag there is a corner for cosmetics. Someone carries only a lipstick and powder-boxes, which is mostly used as a mirror, someone a palette of shadows and blush, mascara, creams, perfumes, etc. The main thing is that you are already beautiful being pregnant. But even if you do not use decorative cosmetics, you will probably need lip balm and hand cream, especially in windy weather. Do not interfere with a small bottle of deodorant (be careful with the scents) and a hairbrush.

Some useful trifles…
Place a notebook and pen in the bag. Now you do not need to keep in mind a shopping list.

In the shopping trip (especially to the markets) you can take a calculator. By the way, it is good always to have an “emergency reserve” of money on taxis.

And of course, all expectant mothers carry in their handbags a magazine or a book related to pregnancy, childbirth, children.

You are waiting for a baby! When the joy and emotion on this are a little bit over, you start to think about in which hospital you would like to give birth, what medical and related legal issues you will encounter …

Your rights

The Constitution provides health right, regardless of gender, race, nationality and residence. Therefore, every pregnant woman has the right of having medical care and supervision in state and municipal health facilities free of charge at the expense of the relevant budget, insurance contributions and other income. Recently pregnant women were discharged so-called birth certificate, which is intended to provide additional funding for counseling and maternity house. This document confirms the fact that the woman should receive free medical care throughout pregnancy and during childbirth.

The certificate has two parts – one includes free supervising physician, the collection of mandatory tests, surveys during pregnancy, and the second – to pay for the maternity house. To obtain the certificate, the expectant mother must bring her passport in consultation, the policy of compulsory medical insurance card and the state pension insurance.

The important thing is that the certificate is issued 30 weeks earlier. Women don’t receive money as the price can differ depending on medical equipment of the medical establishment and paying the staff. So it turns out that the expectant mother, giving preference to certain prenatal consultation and maternity hospital, herself defines the medical institution, which receives support from the state.

Of course, in principle, the quality of service in the consultation does not affect the transfer of public money from the certificate, and in case of violation of women’s rights, pregnant may file a complaint with the agency or go to court. Nevertheless, these institutions appeared to be a better incentive than others, there is healthy competition, and beneficial to themselves, and a woman who purchased the latest equipment and medicines, improved terms of being a woman in a medical facility.

It should be noted that such a state program is intended only to state institutions, and it does not apply to private clinics and maternity hospitals.

If you have chosen to give childbirth at private maternity house…

Often a woman chooses paid medical center or a private clinic. To do this, you must enclose with the agency an agreement for the provision of paid services. In this case you are acting as a consumer and, therefore, such relations are governed by the laws on consumer protection. First of all, check for certificate and license for the selected type of activity, and what the features of working with clients. The contract should be concluded between you and the medical center; it must be prescribed by the terms and delays in obtaining medical services, payment arrangements, rights, duties and responsibilities of the parties. Read carefully and specify all details of the contract before you sign it. Payment for the provision of paid services should be done at medical institution with the use of cash machines (you must issue a receipt confirming and Proof of payment through cash). As consumers, patients in private clinics and hospitals have the right to make claims for damages caused by failure or improper performance of contract, damages in the event of injury to life and health, as well as compensation for moral damage.

Troubleshooting

However, in practice, not everything is so simple. In any case, remember that you can always consult a doctor, regardless the residence. The exceptions are small cities and towns, where the choice or transfer from one consultation to another is impossible, simply because a doctor serves a certain number of patients by law can not simply take someone else, and a woman herself cannot travel to neighboring village which may be far enough.

The main consulting physician is usually appointed by the head of the medical institution or by the choice of women, but again, provided that the desired doctor has not fixed the maximum number of services for patients, although it is necessary to write a statement and present to the chief physician the reasons why you prefer the specific physician.

According to the legislation on health care, everyone has the right to receive information about his/her health. As we have seen from the above, this applies to all, including to the future mother. Unfortunately, doctors often ignore the natural and legitimate desire of women to know what happens with them in a particular period of pregnancy, for which she needs to take prescribed medications and vitamins.

However, a woman can get the available information about her condition, including information about the surveyresults, the presence or absence of disease-related or not related to pregnancy, the diagnosis, methods of treatment, on possible options for medical intervention and its consequences.

If necessary, or if there is any doubt about the diagnosis (for example, a woman suspected medical error because of lack of haste and carelessness in the treatment of clinical data and laboratory tests) she can consult with another physician or other specialized professionals.

A woman must be provided with copies of medical records (outpatient maps, surveys, tests, ultrasonic). If the doctor suggests a medical intervention or sends her to the hospital to identify the threat of termination of pregnancy, she can waive, although the patient should be explained the possible consequences. Such a refusal is made in the medical record documents, i.e. in the map (along with explaining the implications), and signed by women and health workers. In this case, the whole responsibility falls on your shoulders. The doctor will only continue to monitor your condition and if necessary, again ask you to go to hospital.

All information relating to pregnancy is a medical secret, and its disclosure is not permitted without the consent of the woman. That exception is, firstly, if the expectant mother is a minor in order to notify her parents or other legal representatives, because due to her age and inexperience, she can not and should not take a decision on retention or termination of pregnancy, and secondly, whether there are grounds for believing that the pregnancy is a result of rape, and thirdly, by request of investigative bodies, and, finally, while examining and treating women who are not able to express their will, for example when there are distinct signs of mental disorder.

In conclusion, I would say that we can and must enjoy our legitimate rights (in this case, of course, not abusing them) and be able to defend our interests – and then everything will be well.

Giving advice is an ungrateful activity. Sometimes a good piece of advice may cost much more than a hundred of clever books. In this section we have tried to collect very useful advice to pregnant, who are in a practical condition. We hope that our advice and the recommendations to our readers will help to avoid common mistakes and gain confidence in the most difficult situations. Please note that we do not only give advice to pregnant, but take them from all who wish to share their experiences with prospective mothers.

1. All nine months only one thought will not leave you and also many relatives and friends alone: who will be born – a boy or a girl? Question: «And who are you waiting for? » (Interesting detail: when a woman is pregnant for the second or third time, they ask their elder children.) People traditionally make conclusions about sex of the baby: a) form of the belly – if it is round, it’s a girl, if it is sharp – a boy (the percentage of getting to the point, of course, is not hundred. Even ultrasound sometimes gives a wrong result!), b) Family «traditions» – a very strange premonition. One friend told me: «All the relatives of my husband have only boys, then, and we will have one…» I want to recall the lessons of biology in high school about the X-and Y-chromosome, but … Why argue with a pregnant? By the way, despite all the family «tradition», she has a charming girl, c) in case of changes in your appearance people say that girl takes the beauty from her mother. Or a boy, who knows? d) My husband, for example, believes that girls are born, when they have a very good dad.) Perhaps I have missed something. But my cheerful girlfriend helped to answer such questions: «Who are we waiting for? We are waiting for both a boy and a girl. We want both. And more … » This is wonderful, isn’t it?

2. Even if you’re really bad at Mathematics in this crucial period of life, I guarantee that at least 350 times your lover will tell you what NOT to do. You cannot sit putting leg on a leg (in this way you squeeze the head of the baby), wash the windows and hang laundry, greatly raise your hands (surrounded cord can happen), sit on a low sofa or stool (you press the baby with your weight). If for some historical reasons, your sewing machine with foot control have survived, your friends will categorically forbid running it (vibration can harm the child). As well as riding on the back of the bus or fly in an airplane … What all this says? I repeat: from the best intentions. And if there is an urgent trip on the 16th week of pregnancy, you will, of course, consult with your doctor before departure. All the above examples are acceptable (though with reservations). But why pregnant women cannot knit, tell me, please? Again umbilical cord will be crocked? Yeah baby will have much time to crock and unwind it! And here, for example, the Waldorf pedagogy urges pregnant to knit: the hand with the spokes are just opposite to the kid, he/she will receive mother’s energy, her concentration. The quiet, undulating movements contribute to harmonious development of the baby. There are «bearded» tips for pregnancy: eating for two, rest a lot, move slowly.
 
Yes, I forgot. You should, even have to look at everything beautiful: flowers, paintings, objects, sky. Then the baby will necessarily be born beautiful. Let’s keep looking at the sky …

3. Discussion of the size of the growing belly annoys many pregnant women. Especially if they give questions with such emphasis: «How? It’s already the seventh month? What a small tummy you have? Is everything all right? »Or« Listen, you have such a huge belly! How are you going to give birth? »I would be very happy for you, if others have enough sensitivity and wisdom, if noticing something like this, keep silence or speak more softly.

4. Think well before you tell your relatives or husband such «secrets», as a meat waiver, ski walks, swimming in the pool and (Oh, God!) cold pouring three times a day, or visiting the sauna. But there are mothers, so-called potential grandmothers, who even perceive a hostile reception for daily walks of pregnant daughter.

5. Unfortunately, regular visits to antenatal clinics annoy most pregnant women. Environmental conditions, stresses and previous «sores» do not allow communicating with a kid, nature, and beloved husband all nine months. From time to time you will have to give tests, surveys and other less interesting things. If you absolutely can’t bear such things consider the alternative versions – personal physician, observation in a specialized center, etc. This will cost more, but you will stay calm. And one more thing. Stay calm and quite. You carry your own child. Decisions are made only by you! (You’d better consult with your husband. Fortunately he is not pregnant.

Pregnancy does not automatically damage your teeth. The tale that warns a woman to expect a lost tooth for every baby is false. If the mother’s intake of calcium is inadequate during pregnancy, her bones – not her teeth – will provide

the calcium her growing baby needs. This calcium loss is quickly made up after breastfeeding is stopped.

More frequent caries occurrence and gum inflammation (parodontosis) during pregnancy is related to the following reasons:

• The increased need of calcium. Growing Child “takes” mother’s calcium for his bones. If there is a lack of calcium, due to gastrointestinal tract chronic diseases or the lack of it in food, calcium is mobilized from mother’s bones. At first this affects the bones of the upper and lower jaw, particularly the surroundings of the teeth.

• Saliva remineralization reduction features. Normally the strengthening of the enamel occurs at the expense of action of calcium and phosphate contained in saliva. During pregnancy the concentration of these substances in the saliva is reduced. Saliva buffer capacity is decreasing, which normalizes the acid-alkaline balance in the mouth after eating.

• Changes in the hormonal background during pregnancy leads to a gums circulation deterioration. They often become livid, easy start bleeding, even with small injuries.

Prevention of pregnants’ dental diseases includes:

• Regular supervision of the dentist. A woman should apply to the dentist before pregnancy, in order to sanify cavity. During the pregnancy the dentist should be applied to 4 times – at 6-8, 16-18, 26-28 and 36-38 weeks. In the presence of risk factors (aggressive microflora of the oral cavity, a significant decrease remineralizing properties of saliva, etc.) the number of examinations should increase two times.

• Individual cavity hygiene. Teeth should be cleaned at least 2 times a day. You should use brushes with normal or soft bristle. You should use prophylaxis tooth-paste containing calcium, as well as antigingivitis tooth-paste reducing gingival inflammation.

• Gums massage is necessary in order to improve blood circulation in tissues surrounding the tooth. Perform light movements from the teeth to the gums. Massage should last for 7-8 minutes.

• Nutrition. Following the recommendations of your obstetrician-gynecologist, you at the same time take care of your teeth, and of your child’s teeth, too. The formation of child’s teeth also depends on the level of calcium in the blood of his mother.

• Ultraviolet. There is no need to regularly sunbathe or visit the solarium, but you should regularly go out, breathe a fresh air and walk.

With proper hygiene at home and professional help from your dentist, your teeth should remain healthy throughout the pregnancy.