Baby Care

Archive for August, 2009

That’s not far off vacation season. And many parents are beginning to ask themselves the question: how to spend it? What’s better: a short flight or a long trip by train? Let’s study everything together.

Vacation with children: age

Regarding age, most pediatricians have expressed the concern that up to 3 years of age it is better to avoid any long-distance travel. Of course, this does not mean that the child should spend summer in the gassy city. If there is an opportunity to make frequent raids on the nearby cottage, it would be ideal. In any case, before deciding to go on vacation with your child, consult with your doctor. It will assess the health of your child and give you the answer whether he/she is ready to travel or you have to wait.

Vacation with children: Where to go?

It is generally accepted that the smaller the child, the more he/she needs in its usual environment. Yalta, Anapa has always been considered the most suitable for children.

The climate of Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Baltic countries and, in principle, other European countries can also be good for young travelers. With regard to such favorite place as Turkey, it’s better to go in such hot countries with small children no later than in May.

Vacation with children: Acclimatization

It is important to know that if you decide to leave with the child to a country involving the change of climate, then the vacation should last no less than a month. The point is that during the sudden change of environment children need some time for acclimatization, which in some cases may take up to 10 days. During acclimatization there can be a slight stomach upset, cough and runny nose, fever.

Vacation with children: Transport

What kind of transport to choose for the trip – plane, train or car – every parent decides for himself, based on many factors, including financial capability. No doubt that plane will be the best choice as the kids do not have to shake a few days in the stuffy train. But experts urge to bear in mind that flights are usually accompanied by strong burden for the ears, which often provokes the occurrence of otitis among children.

If your child is sick on the road, consult with your doctor about the possibility of using special medications.

In the first days after arrival organize for your child a sparing treatment. Do not overload the child’s emotions and experiences, keep in mind that the sleep is the best tool to recover after a difficult and expensive deal with acclimatization.

Being in the sun in the first few days should not exceed 3 – 5 minutes. Do not also forget that the safest sun is in the morning (before 11.00) and in the evening (after 17.00) hours.

Vacation with children: other important points

Choosing the place for vocation with the child needs special sensitivity. One of the main conditions is the existence of a special children diet menu. Choose a hotel located on the first line, as close as possible to the sea. With regard to the beach, it is better to choose on the sand, with a sloping entrance to the water. Pay attention to the hotel’s infrastructure (playground, children’s pool, animation).

The room must have a refrigerator, air conditioning, comfortable beds for children. Remember that unusual food (especially in the context of climate change) may cause stomach upset. In any case, take with you some food for the kid.

Keep in mind, that you should never use water from the tap.

It is better to take more things than to detect that something is missing. Children’s clothes will not take much space. Take warm clothes, in case of sudden cooling.

If you are still using diapers, it is better to take them with you.

Wet wipes would be of invaluable assistance on the road, and on the beach.

Do not forget special cream and powder for children’s sensitive skin.

Always take with you such things as a ball, inflatable mattress, swimming circle and all the necessary medicines. These are:

• thermometer;
• remedy for burns;
• febrifuge;
• activated carbon;
• bandage and cotton wool;
• plaster, iodine, hydrogen peroxide;
• drops for the nose;
• special protective cream against insects.

As the flu virus is easily transmitted by airborne droplets, it is very probable that your child will catch it.
Flu starts with, like the most of other infectious diseases, with lung ailments. Then the condition is deteriorating rapidly: strong headache starts, pains in muscle and joints, increasing body temperature, a general weakness. A little later, dry cough starts, pain in the chest when breathing, sneezing and running nose. If the immunity is strong enough, a few days later a full breakdown of these manifestations is gradually decreasing, but the symptoms completely disappear no sooner than after 7-10 days. But this is not a full recovery – the body will be weakened by infection recuperates at least a month later.

The flu is more dangerous than it seems. Most people tend to underestimate the risk of influenza. However, this disease is not always developed in the way as was described above. Because of the severe influenza can happen disruption of the brain and internal organs, resulting in death after several days of onset. This form of influenza is known as hyper toxic. In addition, the disease is dangerous for its complications: pneumonia, brain or envelopes of the heart muscle.

This virus is particularly dangerous for children. Their immune system is very weak, and may not resist the infection. Therefore, the risk of severe influenza among young patients is much higher than among adults. According to studies, up to 70 percent of all health problems among children are associated with influenza and other ARI.

The risk group – children

In the high-risk group are the children living in big cities. This is due to several factors. First, virtually such children attend such places as kindergartens and schools. As influenza is transmitted by airborne droplets (when coughing, sneezing and talking), it spreads like lightning in such communities. If an ill child coughs in school, in a few days a large part of his/her classmates will have high temperature.

Second, air pollution in megapolis also can be a reason of influenza, especially the food, which is not always healthy and full. Often the child’s immune system is undermined by parents who inappropriately, without the recommendation of physicians give their children biologically active additives, antibiotics, adaptogens and other drugs.

There are preventative vaccinations to prevent the disease. They are really effective, but don’t help in all cases. This is due to the high variability of the virus – its antigens are constantly changing. Vaccines also contain only a limited set of antigens, and are effective only against viruses that contain them. In addition, vaccination is only for prevention, but if the disease has already developed, it should be treated.

However, we should remember that influenza is a virus, and not a bacteria. This means that the antibiotics can not combat it effectively.

One of its most important parts of antiviral immunity is interferons. These substances alter the functioning of cells in such a way that they become immune to the virus and are not involved in its reproduction. In addition, the activation of lymphocytes and macrophages immune cells occurs under the effect of them.

However, the organism is not always able to respond to the introduction of the virus. Especially if the child has an organism with reduced immunity.

All the kids are different so the approach to each of them should also be individual. It depends on the state of the child, heredity and other important factors. We can only list the general principles of which every mother can easily draw up a scheme for her own child.

Additional nourishment

You should add new products to child’s diet when he/she is ready for it. What are the main signs of readiness for the introduction of new products?

1. Age not less than 6 months.
2. A child weight has doubled, with a weight of not less than 6 kg.
3. The child can sit alone without support.
5. The child is interested in adult food.

How to give additional nourishment?

Feeding can be teaching and ordinary.
When teaching a child is given a piece of something. The child should decide himself/herself what to do with that piece. You can give a piece of vegetables, fruit, cookie, etc. This is like a friendship with a new flavor, so you will not replace them with feeding, but just try to give new products.

Mothers usually prepare (or buy ready) puree and give it to the child, gradually replacing the whole feeding. There are certain rules for the introduction of new products. Start with small portions (with a teaspoon), gradually bringing to 50-100 gr. Each new product is introduced every ten days, so you can track the reactions to it. You must start with monoproducts. If the puree contains two or more products, it can be imposed only when the components have been tried in monovide (for example, the puree “cauliflower with potatoes”, you can give to the child only when he/she is already familiar with the potato or cauliflower).

You should give such food with a spoon, not from the nipple.
Starting from the age of 7-8 months the child can try mashed potatoes and cereals if a kid does not have diathesis.

It’s recommended to start with cereal or vegetables.

From cereals you should choose rice or buckwheat.
Carefully read the content – there should not be sugar and other “extra” ingredients. After these they can try corn, oats, barley. Cereals can be diluted with water or a mixture of breast milk.

If parents decide to start with vegetables, they should first give him/her squash or potatoes. Again, carefully read the content, there should not be salt, cream, and other unnecessary ingredients. If diathesis did not occur, you can add carrots and pumpkin.
Starting from the age of 8-9 months, you can add olive oil in food.

After vegetables and cereal you can try to give him/her fruit. They can try both fruit itself and added to cereals and vegetables (such as an apple with courgettes).

Starting from the age of 10 months, not earlier, you can start with dairy products – cheese and curds. But remember it will be a serious burden on the child’s kidneys.

After dairy products, you can try meat. Start with good lean pork, or beef. You can also choose turkey and rabbit.

Starting from that same age, they can also try juices.

Your child grows up not day by day but hour by hour. And, of course, you want him/her to grow healthy, strong, smart and talented … The key to successful growth and development of a baby in the first year of life is good nutrition. It is no secret that the best diet for a child in the first year of his/her life is breast milk. This magical product not only have nutritional properties and contributes to optimal growth, but also gives your child strong immunity. From 4-6 months, child’s needs for nutrients and energy are increasing, it is time to put into his/her diet supplementary nourishment.

What is nourishment?

Nourishment is the gradual expansion of child diet in addition to breast milk, starting from the age of 4-6 months.
How to determine whether it is time to start complementary nourishment? There are several factors that determine this important step:

-child becomes more active and as a consequence, the growing body needs additional nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates);

-the need to expand the diet, as in a variety it’s easy to collect all essential microelements for the development and growth of the organism (iron, zinc, etc.);

-preparing the organism for the transition to solid food types (”training” digestive system);

-and one of the most important points – to teach the child to get used to new kinds of food for a gradual weaning from breast-feeding or the bottle.

Before including the complementary food in the baby diet always consult a pediatrician! The choice of the first dishes requires an individual approach, and it depends on many factors.

How to include new food in the child’s diet?

New food for baby is a large load for the child’s organism, so it is very important to observe the rules of complementary nourishment:

a healthy baby responds with joy and interest to a suggestion to try something “new”, if a child is prone to allergies he/she get sick;

foods should be started with a product (if it porridge – then start with one grain, and no additives) in a small number (preferably in the morning), and closely monitor the state of the baby during the day, diathesis – the first sign of allergies to food;

each new type of product you need to write, starting with a small amount (1-2 teaspoons), increasing it within 10-14 days prior to the desired volume;

no more than one new product should enter into the diet of a baby within 5 days;

before using a new product be sure to read the instructions on the preparation;

food should be prepared just before each feeding, and the remains can not be stored and reused.

One of the first courses in the introduction of complementary foods is porridge.

Types of children’s cereal

A. home made or ready.

B. requiring cooking or fast cooking.

B. Monocomponent

G. No gluten or that contain gluten.

D. Without milk or dairy based.

E. No additives.

When mother carefully preparing porridge for babies from the usual cereals, it is difficult to take into account all the nuances, which include the needs of child’s organism in proteins and fats, vitamins, iron, zinc and other trace elements.

Paediatricians recommend the use of meals designed specifically for child nutrition. Their advantages are: security (absence of harmful substances), guaranteed by a balanced composition, enriched in basic vitamins and minerals, the possibility of rapid preparation.

The range of children’s cereal porridge Friso represented a wide variety of species. Porridge made by Dutch company Friesland Foods recipe for appropriate hygienic requirements of international standards for the production of children’s products. The production of cereal are used raw materials, derived from traditional sources, does not contain GMOs, artificial colors or preservatives. Special processing of cereals in the production of cereal, can save their unique natural properties.

The composition of children’s cereal Friso to maintain immunity kid put a set of “triple protection”, which includes selenium + zinc.

Selenium is an essential component of antioxidant protection of organism. If selenium is not enough, the body of the child becomes less resistant to environmental hazards.

Zinc has a very beneficial effect on the immune system. It is proved that a sufficient amount of zinc increases the number of immune cells and helps the body fight infection.

The first months of baby’s life are not only very happy but also very tense time for its parents. They have an important task: to understand the child, to look after him/her and assist him/her in overcoming the inevitable challenges of growth.

One of the first challenges which have the vast majority of children and parents is infantile intestinal colic. As a rule, they start during the first three weeks and continue up to the first three months of the child’s life, delivering a lot of suffering to the baby as well as its surrounding adults.

Why does it arise?

Intestinal colic is not considered to be a disease. This is a so-called functional disorder, which is a natural stage of maturing baby’s digestive system and the adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract for digestion of food. However, these processes are accompanied by a rather unpleasant and painful effects such as intestinal spasm, excess gas, a violation of intestinal peristalsis.

Over time, the digestion comes right and colic passes without a trace. But this does not mean that the kid can do without the help of adults – they need to understand him/her when he/she has colic and alleviate the child’s sufferings.

How you can understand it?

As a rule, colic torment baby during the evening hours. During the attack of pain the child is crying, fidgets legs and makes “vermiform” movements. It doesn’t stop even during lactation – while sucking the intestine changes its sizes (spasm), increasing the pain. Because of this, the kid is a little more nervous during feeding.

What should you do?

If the child is breastfed, the mother will have to adjust the diet, removing from it products that are fermented (black bread, sauerkraut, grape, radish, beans, etc.). While feeding the baby should tightly capture the teat in order not to swallow excess air.

For children who already use artificial feeding, it is desirable to feed with special anti-colic bottles that prevent swallowing excess air.

After feeding hold the kid so that he/she could take out the swallowed air. It is important that the intervals between feedings are not less than two hours, otherwise the milk will not fully digest, which can increase the baby’s discomfort.

Remember also that after feeding the child should be put on the side – this will prevent the diversion of milk into the respiratory tract. In addition, this position facilitates the evacuation of milk from the stomach into the gut. It is also good to often put the kid on the stomach after feeding. This position helps to strengthen muscles of the front abdominal wall, which favorably affects the peristalsis of the bowel and helps to reduce colic.

To facilitate the child’s condition you can use herbs, such as chamomile, fennel, dill and anise. They have proved themselves as effective ways to combat colic. For example you can give your child medicinal herbal preparations, such as Planteks based on the fruit and fennel essential oil. It comes in the form of soluble beverage, which is very easy to brew, while respecting the required dosage. The drug has mild antispasmodic effect, regulates the processes of digestion, reduces gas and helps reduce the frequency and severity of colic.
Light massage can also help the child. It includes clockwise massage of tummy, bending legs, stroking the back with the sides in the direction of the stomach to the waist.

And try to remain calm even when the baby cries bitterly, – it has been proven that the anxiety of parents is transmitted to children and makes them to feel uncomfortable.

Trying on summer clothes in front of the mirror, you can see not an attractive picture – hand muscles has lost elasticity, become sluggish and put on some weight. You can solve this problem in several ways.

Method 1: out of sight

Of course, it’s very unpleasant to feel that your muscles are not in good shape. “Sealing” yourself with long-sleeved blouses and jackets, you can hide this shortcoming. Of course, in summer, you will have to sweat.

Method 2: Tension

If the muscles are out of shape it is especially noticeable when moving hands. Therefore, you can ask yourself a setting to stretch the muscles at each wave of the hand. In this case, the surrounding will not see the flabbiness of the hand muscles, but only constraint motions.

Method 3: Rowing

Among fans of rowing the muscle tone of the hands is in order. For example, for a one-week trip by canoe hand muscles are pulled in a way that the problem recedes for at least 4 month. You don’t have to go very far away from civilization, and can just wave paddles at city pools, rowing a boat.

Method 4: Home fitness

In order to keep hand muscles taut and beautiful you should work over three shoulder muscles: biceps, triceps and deltoid.

For the exercises you will need 2 dumbbells each 1.5 kg. They can be replaced with plastic bottles with water or sand.

While doing exercises test the tension of that muscle, which you are currently training.

Warming up
Jumping with skipping rope, an improvisation under the music or a fight with an imaginary opponent will be a perfect start of the training.  In order to warm up the shoulder muscles, use exercises which are known from childhood: rotating with straight hands and jerk bent in front of the breast with your hands.

Training deltoid muscle

If in 50’s of the last century, people with sloping shoulders were considered to be fashionable, now everything has changed – the shoulders should be straight. This can be achieved by training the deltoid muscle, which is felt when we raise our hands up. The starting position for all exercises: stand up straight, feet at shoulder width, hands with dumbbells in your palms.

Lift slightly the hands to the shoulders.
Repeat this exercise 7-10 times.
Lift your hands straight ahead to the chest. Then drop them without bending.
Repeat this exercise 7-10 times.
Lift the dumbbells along the body to the armpits.

Repeat this exercise 7-10 times.

Training biceps
Is there any man who does not like to play with biceps, showing ladies his virility? Beautiful muscles can decorate even women’s hands. You can feel biceps when you bend your arms in the elbow, putting the heavy bags bought for a week of provisions in the trunk.

The starting position for all exercises: stand straight, feet at shoulder width. Bend your arms in the elbow, in order to remain the elbows against the waist.

Repeat this exercise 7-10 times.

Bend your arms in the elbow one by one.

Repeat this exercise 5-7 times for each hand.

Training triceps

If the biceps and the deltoid muscles are always in motion, triceps always “sit” on the spare bench. This leads to the fact that people even youth, have unattractive triceps. So, seeing your friends off and shaking them goodbye, you can easily demonstrate to others your flabby triceps.

Exercises with dumbbells

Stand up straight, feet at shoulder width. Hands with dumbbells pressed to the body and the palms turned to the body. Lean forward.

Unbend and bend the hand, following that the elbows are pressed to the waist.

Repeat this exercise 7-10 times.

Lie on the stomach. Hands with dumbbells stretch along the body.
Raise your hands up.

Repeat this exercise 10-12 times.

Exercises without dumbbells – push-ups

Sit down squat back to the chair. Hands put on a seat.
Wring out from a chair.

Repeat this exercise 3-5 times.

Stand up in a distance of a step from the wall. Hands rest against the wall at chest level.

Wring out of the wall, keeping body straight following that the heels do not hop off the floor and hands in the final position are compressed against the body.

Repeat this exercise 3-5 times.

Training in this way three times a week, in a month will be noticeable that your hands are strong and the muscles are stretched.

The main desire of all parents is a strong and healthy child. But, unfortunately, young children are particularly susceptible to various diseases because their immune system is still evolving. However, there are a number of ailments, which the child can avoid, if the parents in time will take care of their prevention. Indeed, to prevent illness is always easier than curing it and then deal with complications.

Catching a cold

This term is often called infectious viral disease. It is clear that you can’t fully protect your child from development of many of these ailments, but there are simple rules, the compliance with which sometimes gives surprising results.

First of all, from birth it is necessary to strengthen the child protective forces of body. And the best assistance in this is providing basic tempering – contrasting pouring. You need gradually to teach your child to this procedure: first, water body after bathing with water of room temperature and again with hot water, and then the warm portion can be rotated with cool water and increase the number of approaches to the 5-7 pair of pouring.

And, of course, there are some basic precautions. Avoid overcrowded places during epidemics of influenza and other ARI. If you need to take your child to the doctor, put on a gauze bandage. In the case when someone in the family is sick, put a plate with hot water in the child’s room, in which you should add a few drops of geranium oil or fir – which kill bacteria and prevent them from causing harm to child.

Rickets

One of the reasons of this disease is a violation of the metabolism of vitamin D in your baby’s body. It requires competent and timely prophylaxis.
What do the parents need to know? You must worry about it even before the child’s birth. Future mother must eat properly; take vitamins complexes and spend more time in the open air.

To avoid it you must walk with the baby and let him/her stay in the sun, of course, within reasonable limits, it is recommended to conduct the child courses (15-20 treatments) of UV exposure twice a year.

Colic

This disease has been long known to mankind – the vast majority of affected are babies. The painful intestinal cramps cause serious sufferings to baby. But there are tools that can protect the child from this problem. For example, if during the first weeks of life you give the child fennel – plants, beneficial for digestion – colic is quite possible to be avoided or alleviated. For example, natural product Plantex contains essential oil and extract of fennel fruit, which normalizes digestion, improves bowel, reducing gas and the frequency and severity of colic, and serves as a prevention of its appearance.
In addition, you can prevent the development of colic with the help of massage. Many mothers and fathers underestimate the importance of this procedure, but the simple stroking of baby’s tummy clockwise in the intervals between feeding, and alternating flexion-extension legs several times a day – it’s easy to massage, which stimulates the digestive processes well and prevent the disease.

Diathesis

This is a very common ailment which belongs to the category of allergic reactions. Of course, children can have allergy to any substances, enzymes, etc. But it mainly arises while using “human” food instead of Mother’s milk. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor the slightest reaction to the new baby food, and if there is the slightest suspicion of diathesis, for some time abandon the introduction of complementary foods.

The best way is to start with the least allergenic foods such as zucchini, broccoli, cauliflower, and green apples, pears, etc. Later on, try small gourmet carrots, whole cow’s milk, eggs, fish, etc.

Many people do things instinctively, obeying unknown origin arising impulses. Children also instinctively try to taste everything. However, watching attentively the habits and predilections for taste of our kids, sometimes we can understand what substances are not enough for proper development of the child.

Sometimes six to ten year old children, suddenly begin to pull in the mouth any stuff. And not just drag and purposefully look for but also eat some substance. This may be chalk, clay, coal, and head of the matches or land. Someone remembers how in the village at the grandmother he/she secretly ate plaster, someone digging in the depths of memory, discovers that being a child sometimes he/she licked watercolor paints with pleasure. All of them were sweet to the taste, but for some reason they chose red and orange.

Some of us keep the style, for example, eating chalk in adulthood. Accidentally meeting “brothers” of habit, these people seriously discuss the taste differences between different brands of chalk, and argue which chalk is tastier – crayons “Antoshka”, round chalk “Lanthanum” or mild Czech chalk “Kohinor”. Many women notice a passion to the chalk during pregnancy.

All these habits are not accidental. If you find your child’s habit to not quite normal “products”, this is an extra reason to think – whether the child eats with food, all the necessary substances for his/her development and growth?

The reason of “dependence on chalk” among children (and adults) can be different. But as a rule, children who secretly eat crayons from the blackboard, most likely need calcium. Because chalk is a natural source of calcium.
A child’ body, in fact, needs large amounts of calcium: 800mg per day for 1-3 years old children, 900-1000 mg for 4-6 years old children, 1100 mg – 7-10 years, 1200 mg – 11 years and older. Calcium is needed for normal development of bones, formation of healthy teeth and gums, as well as for the growth of muscles. Without calcium children quickly get tired and often sick. Calcium is also involved in many metabolic processes in the body, and its deficiency can lead to severe hormonal disorders.

The love to chalk can also be a side-symptom of anemia, or lack of hemoglobin. And then the body does not have enough iron. By the way, all the iron oxides are brown or reddish – remember about the red water-color paint? According to WHO, some 30% of the population of Earth suffers from iron deficiency in one form or another.

The most balanced set of vitamins and minerals, suitable for most children, has “Kaltsinova”. It contains calcium, phosphorus and vitamins A and D3, and B6 – all those elements, without which the normal human development is unthinkable.

Besides the obvious hazard and the potential toxicity of inedible objects, many useful substances, such as phosphorus, is very rare and little in food. Its deficiency can also be compute to predilections of taste, of course, adjusted for child’s love of sweets.

However, people who eat a lot of sweet can also have a problem – they simply do not have enough chrome. Chocolate lovers may feel instinctive shortage of magnesium. Similarly, children who like to nibble the head of matches may well compensate for the lack of sulfur and phosphorus, salt lovers – potassium and sodium, and if there is a sudden interest in the acid products – perhaps it is from lack of vitamin C. In any case, if you notice change in tastes or other gastronomic strangeness, above all, consult a doctor!

It is a duty of every young parent to take the child (or children) to walk every day, even in terrible weather as children waste their energy on the street.

Who are your allies on the playground?

A skinny mother on heels

Distinctive features of such a mother – light weight, skinny ass and heels. In especially severe cases she wears boots made of suede, and she goes to the sandbox to make a pancake in them.

Other mothers often wonder: can the skinny woman on heels quickly run up to her son/ daughter, if he/she, say, is falling from slides.
Apparently, it all depends on the stability of the heel and limber of the woman.

Mothers with phone

She comes to the ground, pushing a pram with one hand and holding the phone with another. If she needs to roll pram with both hands – she presses phone on shoulder or uses a headset.

By releasing her child to sandbox, she sits on the bench and continues to talk, looking somewhere without noticing that her child takes someone else’s toys, throws sand. When a mother with a phone, finally, notices that her baby dropped a couple of strangers in order to take their cars, she approaches, without leaving the phone aside and without interrupting the conversation.

Mother with beer

She comes with a bag of toys and pours them into the sandbox, and considers her mission in relation to the child is over. She takes beer and starts enjoying it just in the playground.
Periodically, she lights a cigarette, deftly identifying the wind direction, so that the smoke does not bear on her child, but on you and your children. Usually, she communicates with her girlfriend and loudly uses obscene words. You can make a remark, but it is just useless.

Women with twins

The one who has characteristic circles under the eyes is definitely a mother. The one who is older is grandmother. They always walk in pair and are mostly catching twins in different corners of the playground, so their system is completely closed and does not require the flow of information from the outside.

Mother of a glamorous girl

There is always a glamorous girl in the playground, and usually more than one. Pretty Princess comes to the walk in a smart dress; her shoes are equipped with red flashing lights, and clothes carefully combining shades of lilac and pink. Miss Piggi nervously smokes in the corner because of jealousy.

Mother of such a girl looks as if she has come just from the office between meetings with business partners.

Ideal Mother

She walks more with the child starting from early ages of his/her development. She always wears comfortable clothes. Her chils is child is too advanced, absorbs too much fresh air, she/he is far too patient, she has the perfect order of the house … She is never irritable and does not use violence.

Gentle woman with a baby

It is unclear why she comes to a playground with her baby in the pram-cot? It is clear that she wants to communicate. But the gentle woman always crinkles when older children shout or are running around, being afraid that they will wake her baby up.

Babysitter

Nurse is distinguished by comfortable dress – she first put a cap, her comfortable shoes and warm jacket. After all, she has to spend 3 hours outside so that the child could normally sleep, rather than read, draw, play games at home.

As the nurse is not full of maternal love, she clearly has time to look at surrounding mothers, who just don’t behave pedagogically.

Teaching a child to use a potty is a difficult task, requiring huge patience. Be careful and mellowness, bring in the child’s sense of self-confidence. It is essential that the child himself/herself will take the initiative. Education should be free of coercion, pressure or threats. If the baby is not ready for such an important step yet – stop trying, but after some time, please try again.
Willingness to teach to the potty on the physiological and intellectual level, the majority of children occurs at the age of 18 months (for girls a bit earlier). However, only at the age of 3, children can consciously control the bladder rectal and muscles (acts of defecation and urination).
There is an idea that the early teaching to the potty does not always leave good effect on the child’s psyche, the child may become caught and self-doubt.

The main grounds on which it is possible to understand the degree of readiness to teach the child to the potty:
Baby understands simple requests, can share his/her feelings:
for example, frustration over the wet and dirty diapers;

child can walk, sit;

can take off and wear shorts and pants;

the child’s chair has become a regular, soft, decorated;

child alone removes dirty or wet diapers;

can imitate the behavior;

wakes up dry after sleep or remain dry for at least 3-4 hours during the day;

shows interest in toilet bowls and potties, tries to sit on potty, or goes to the toilet.
Perhaps the baby can’t do anything listed above, but if your child makes even a few signs – begin to teach him/her to potty.

Starting training, remember that the success of every child should be encouraged.

How to help the kid?
Dress the child with cloths which can be easily removed.

You’d better have on hand sufficient number of spare pants, diapers, toilet paper and wet wipes for babies.
The potty should be convenient, stable and not cold. Place it in a conspicuous accessible place.

If your child remain drye at least 3-4 hours during the day, replace the usual diapers with special panties Huggies Pull-Ups ® for teaching to the potty.
Pull-Ups ® have special indicators that tell mothers that a little surprise has occurred. If the baby wakes up and comes back from a walk and images still have not disappeared – it’s time to put him/her on a potty. Mothers can quickly remove them when noticing that the kid wants to potty. Pull-Ups ® are easy and convenient; they do not limit the movements of the Child, and are especially comfortable for usage during the warm season. Panties look like real underwear.

Usually, the act of defecation occurs among babies almost at the same time. Put the child on the potty after breakfast – this time is the best. Remember that everything will be very difficult, but do not leave him/her on the potty more than 5-10 minutes.
Before making pants dirty, children usually are dissatisfied, distracted from their studies, focus, strain – suggest the potty to this point. Be patient and soon you and your child will succeed. Remember that your main task is to build a proper relationship to the child in the process of the toilet.